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Model

Two experiments of 21 years' duration were completed to simulate the solar maxima and solar minima events respectively. It should be mentioned that in both experiments the simulated extremum was kept constant all along the simulation.
The Center for Climate System Research / National Institute for Environmental Studies chemical model [Takigawa et al. (1999)] with extended module to take account of heterogeneous process has been used for both simulations. The model resolution is T21 with 34 vertical layers from surface to about 80km altitude. Solar flux data were obtained from Lean et al. (1997). The first three years of integration are ignored in analysis of the results.